Analysis of finite element deformation model of standard soft tissue
The elastic theory based finite element model was used to simulate the elastic deformation of nasal soft tissue, and the roaming of nasal anatomy was realized. The geometric modeling, physical modeling, meshing, collision detection and force response algorithms of hepatobiliary virtual surgery were studied. However, factors affecting real-time and improvement measures are not considered; in 2010, a soft tissue finite element deformation model based on OpenHaptic was proposed. All of the above are simulations based on the finite element model. The advantage is that the parameters are continuous, and the deformation can be simulated under large deformation conditions. It has high precision and adaptability, but its modeling is complex, the calculation amount is large, and it requires a large amount. The pre-processing work, especially in the cutting process, is difficult to achieve fast mesh reconstruction, so the real-time performance is poor.
Compared with the finite element model, the particle-spring model does not need to be continuous in parameters, easy to implement, and has a fast calculation speed, which is more suitable for real-time simulation. RW.Webster used surface particle-spring model to simulate soft tissue, which realized the simulation of suture surgery supporting tactile feedback, but lacked the description of the physical interaction between suture and soft tissue; added tactile sensing channel for nasal endoscopic surgery The simulation was carried out, and the surface-spring-damper model was used to calculate the surface elastic force of the soft tissue model, but the deformation model used was the finite element model. The number of particles in the model is small, so the triangular mesh on the surface of the model is large and the simulation accuracy is poor. In 2008, the particle-spring surface model was used to study the soft tissue deformation technology of human body, and the force feedback was realized. As a numerical integration algorithm for calculating deformation, the point method has a large truncation error and low computational efficiency.
Based on the above situation, this paper takes the liver model as an example, and uses the particle-spring body model to simulate tissue deformation and improve the simulation accuracy. Since the smooth tactile feedback has higher requirements on real-time performance, this paper proposes an improved Euler algorithm with high computational efficiency and small local truncation error, which ensures the real-time performance of the simulation.
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