New method uses light to suspend and move large objects
Researchers at the California Institute of Technology in the US published a paper in the online version of the journal Nature & Photonics on the 18th. They said that they created a specific nanostructure on the surface of the object and designed a kind of light that can suspend the object and move it. New method. The researchers said that this theoretical method will have many practical uses, and can even be used for the development of a new generation of light-powered spacecraft.
Light is a powerful tool for manipulating matter. More than 30 years ago, the emergence of optical tweezers enabled scientists to move and manipulate tiny objects with the radiation pressure of a laser beam. Arthur Ashkin, who is considered by many to be the father of optical tweezers, was also awarded for his outstanding contribution in this field. The 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Optical tweezers can only manipulate very small objects in a small range, but cannot do anything with large-sized objects. The new method designed by the California Institute of Technology can use beams to manipulate objects of different shapes and sizes as small as micrometers and as large as meters, not only can suspend objects in the air, but also push them to follow the direction of beam travel mobile.
The key of this method is to create a specific nano-scale structure on the surface of the object. This structure interacts with light, and realizes self-stable optical manipulation of millimeter, centimeter, or even meter scale objects by controlling the anisotropy of light scattering along the surface of the object. When an object is disturbed, it can adjust itself to generate a recovery torque to keep it in the beam's travel path.
The research paper pointed out that this new method does not require a highly focused laser beam, nor does it excessively restrict the shape, size and material composition of the object. It has many practical uses in theory and can be used for the manufacture of non-contact wafers. It can also be used for trajectory control of light spacecraft.
According to Harry Atwater, one of the authors of the paper and the Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science at the California Institute of Technology, this technology can even be used for the development of future light-powered spacecraft. In theory, such a spacecraft does not need to carry fuel. It can use a laser constructed by a nano-scale structure to propel the light sail. Through laser acceleration, its speed can even approach the speed of light.
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