Planting fish with green fodder to reduce fish cost

With the rising cost of food and feed, fish farming has become less profitable due to higher feed expenses. To maintain efficiency and reduce costs, it is essential to make use of underutilized areas such as Tanggu, Chipo, and short-term idle fields by planting high-quality, high-yield green fodder for fish. This practice not only lowers feed costs but also ensures a steady supply of nutritious feed. Below are the technical methods for grass planting and fish farming. **Choosing Grass Seeds and Planting Timely** To ensure a continuous supply of forage throughout the year, each mu of pond should be equipped with 300–400 square meters of grassland. In spring, alfalfa and ryegrass are commonly used. These perennial plants can be sown in spring or autumn, with about 80–100 square meters per mu of pond. They start providing grass from early April and can be harvested three times by the end of June. Ryegrass planted at the end of August or early September can supply grass starting in April, with one cut every 25 days, resulting in 3–4 harvests. During summer, Sudan grass and hybrid pennisetum are ideal choices. Each mu of pond should have 150–200 square meters of these grasses, which can be planted in stages. Early March planting allows for mid-June harvesting, while another batch can be ready by mid-July. After each cut, timely fertilization helps promote regrowth. **Reasonable Fish Stocking** When raising fish with grass, herbivorous species like grass carp and silver carp should be the main focus. Omnivorous fish such as common carp, loach, and catfish can also be included but in smaller quantities. Grass carp, although slower in growth, have strong feeding habits, fast development, and low mortality, making them ideal for increasing production. Although they may not eat as much as other species, their economic value is high. Loaches, catfish, and other bottom feeders help clean up leftover food from grass carp. As fish yield increases, so should the stocking numbers of these species. The manure from grazing fish and the waste from other species can reduce the need for additional feed. **Effective Feeding Management** The amount of grass fed should be adjusted based on weather, water quality, fish behavior, and appetite. Typically, green feed is provided between 8–9 am and again between 4–5 pm. If feeding time is shorter, the next day’s portion should be increased accordingly. If the feed is not fully consumed or if the weather turns bad, the next day’s feeding should be reduced. Any uneaten grass residue should be removed in the evening to prevent decay, which could deplete oxygen and harm water quality. When raising fish with grass, the water depth should be increased by 15–20 cm, reaching up to 2–2.5 meters by mid-June. Water should be replenished every 10 days, and in ponds with poor water quality or high stocking density, 20–30% of the water should be replaced each time. This keeps the water clear, fresh, and cool, with a transparency of around 30 cm and a pH level between 7 and 8.

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