Advances in the study of coal-based natural gas for engineering thermal physics
Coal-based natural gas is one of the important ways to achieve efficient and clean use of coal in China, and it can also improve China's energy security. However, due to the current low energy efficiency, large water consumption, and large initial investment, it has caused controversy at home and abroad. The Distributed Energy Supply and Renewable Energy Laboratory of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences studied coal-to-natural gas systems, including life cycle energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and new coal gas systems. Relevant research results were published in 2016. The 3rd issue of Nature, Nature Climate Change (Li et al., Nature Climate Change 6, 220-221 (2016) doi: 10.1038/nclimate2887).
According to international studies, the total life cycle of coal-based gas production is four times that of traditional coal-fired electricity and seven times that of natural gas combined-cycle power generation. The research results of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics show that: based on the existing coal gas technology level (efficiency of only 50-55%), its life cycle greenhouse gas emissions are 1.35-1.60 times that of coal-fired technology, which is 2.6 of natural gas combined cycle. -3.3 times. Further research shows that the efficiency of the coal gasification system based on the new coal gasification can reach 60-65%, and its total life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions will reach even lower than the current coal-fired technology level. Because the coal gas system is also a high-concentration CO2 emission source, its CO2 capture energy consumption is significantly lower than that of conventional coal-fired power stations after combustion, if coal gasification is combined with carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology, Its full life cycle greenhouse gas emissions will be lower than coal power + CCS technology.
At present, in the face of triple requirements for energy efficient use, environmental protection, and energy security, China urgently needs to develop innovative coal chemical industry utilization technologies and promote the sustainable development of China's energy resources. The relevant research results of the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics will have important guiding significance.
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