Feeding pig method after fermentation of concentrate

Fermentation of concentrate feeds is a valuable technique that should be widely adopted in the pig and dairy industries. This process, primarily involving carbohydrate-rich feeds such as corn, barley, sorghum, sweet potatoes, and bran, involves using naturally occurring microorganisms or added yeast to ferment the feed under controlled temperature, humidity, and air conditions. During fermentation, carbohydrates are broken down into lactic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol, resulting in a mildly acidic, aromatic product. Fermented feed not only improves palatability but also enhances digestibility, increases the content of B-vitamins, and improves the utilization of crude protein, making it a highly beneficial feeding strategy. There are two main methods for fermenting concentrate feeds: direct fermentation and starter-based fermentation. **1. Direct Fermentation Method** This method involves preparing the feed by first dissolving the yeast or koji in warm water. Then, 0.5 to 1 kg of yeast or koji is added to 100 kg of ground feed mixture along with 150 to 200 kg of warm water at a temperature of 30°C to 40°C. The mixture is thoroughly combined and left to rest in a room. It should be stirred every 30 minutes and will typically ferment within 6 to 9 hours. **2. Starter-Based Fermentation Method** This approach involves two steps. First, 0.5 to 1 kg of yeast or koji is diluted in warm water, then mixed with 40 to 50 kg of warm water in a wooden bucket. Next, 20 kg of carbohydrate-rich materials like corn, barley, dried sweet potatoes, sorghum, or bran are added. The mixture is stirred well and left to sit indoors, stirring once every 30 minutes. After 4 to 6 hours, a starter culture is ready. In the second step, 110 to 150 kg of warm water and 80 kg of the prepared starter feed are added. The mixture is fully stirred and fermented for about 7 to 9 hours, with stirring every hour. Once properly fermented, the feed has a positive impact on the appetite, health, reproductive performance, and overall feed efficiency of pigs and cows. It is particularly beneficial for pigs, making this method a highly recommended practice in modern livestock management. Implementing these fermentation techniques can lead to better animal growth, improved digestion, and more sustainable feeding practices.

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