Why does polyaluminium chloride fail to achieve the desired result?

Sometimes, when you purchase polyaluminum chloride (PAC), you might feel that it doesn't deliver the expected results. As a result, many people tend to try different products or adjust their methods. However, it's important to remember that using such chemical coagulants requires attention to several key factors. So, why might PAC not be working as intended? Polyaluminum chloride is an inorganic polymer coagulant commonly used in water treatment processes. It works through multiple mechanisms, including double-layer compression, adsorption neutralization, bridging, and network sedimentation. These actions help destabilize fine suspended particles and colloidal ions in water, allowing them to aggregate, flocculate, and eventually settle out, leading to clearer and cleaner water. The active component of PAC is aluminum chloride (AlCl₃), with a typical effective content exceeding 27%, and sometimes reaching over 29%. When AlCl₃ dissolves in water, it undergoes hydrolysis, which is essentially the ionization of aluminum ions. Since aluminum hydroxide is amphoteric, a double hydrolysis reaction occurs. If the concentration of PAC in the solution is below 3%, the effective content may be too low, leading to excessive ionization and failure to initiate the coagulation process. Increasing the concentration reduces the ionization rate, allowing the coagulation mechanism to take effect. This is based on the principle of ionization equilibrium, so it’s always recommended to perform a small-scale test before full application. During use, the solid PAC should be mixed with normal temperature water at a weight ratio of 1:3 while stirring continuously. Once fully dissolved, it can be diluted to the desired concentration. Before applying it to the main system, a small test should be conducted based on the specific water quality to determine the optimal dosage. If the results are still unsatisfactory, Huaquan recommends using PAC in combination with PAM (polyacrylamide). However, it's crucial to dose them separately—never mix them directly, as this could lead to the formation of a gel-like substance, clogging the dosing system, or even damaging the entire setup. It’s best to add PAC first, followed by PAM, to achieve the best results. With over 30 years of experience, Henan Huaquan has dedicated itself to the research, development, and production of water treatment materials. Today, the company has established overseas branches and exports its products to more than 30 countries worldwide. We maintain strict quality control over all our products to ensure customer satisfaction. Our core belief is simple: "Your satisfaction is our hope, and your hope is our pursuit." For more information, visit: [Http://news.chinawj.com.cn](Http://news.chinawj.com.cn)

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