Application Analysis of Analog Isolation Transmitter and Frequency Converter Technology
An analog signal isolation amplifier, also known as an analog isolation transmitter, is a crucial component in industrial systems that connects field sensors with PLCs, FCS, DCS, and instrumentation. It belongs to the category of analog signal conditioning devices. These amplifiers are essential for protecting control loops from various interferences, such as environmental noise, common ground issues, inverter signals, solenoid valve activity, and surge pulses. They help limit the voltage levels sent to lower-level equipment and provide effective isolation between input and output signals. This ensures reliable operation of transmitters, instruments, inverters, solenoid valves, and communication interfaces, especially in harsh industrial environments where high temperature, vibration, humidity, and electromagnetic interference coexist.
Bandwidth refers to the range of frequencies a system can transmit or process effectively. In digital systems, it's measured in bits per second (bps), while in analog systems, it's often expressed in hertz (Hz). The bandwidth of a signal indicates the frequency range it occupies, which determines how much data can be transmitted over a given time. A higher bandwidth allows faster signal transmission and better response to changes in the input signal.
Frequency response describes how well a device can process different frequency components of a signal. It's a critical parameter in electronic instruments and PLCs, influencing the accuracy and reliability of signal processing. Understanding bandwidth and frequency response is essential when selecting the right isolation amplifier for specific applications.
To test the bandwidth of an isolation amplifier, a sine wave signal is applied at the input, and the maximum frequency at which the output can accurately follow the input is measured. In practical applications, bandwidth reflects the speed at which the amplifier responds to changes in the input signal. A larger bandwidth means faster response, while a smaller one may offer better noise immunity but slower reaction times.
The working principle of isolation amplifiers involves modulating the input signal using semiconductor devices, then isolating it through optical or magnetic means before demodulating and restoring the original signal. This process ensures that the signal, power supply, and ground are electrically isolated, enhancing safety and performance in industrial settings.
In industrial environments with strong electromagnetic interference (EMC), isolation amplifiers play a vital role. For example, ISOEMU-POM series amplifiers are designed to suppress EMC interference and high-frequency radiation, making them ideal for use near frequency converters, high-power starters, and GPS transceivers. Proper shielding, grounded enclosures, and twisted-pair shielded cables are also essential for reducing spatial interference.
When dealing with RS232/RS485 communication lines, installing DC-DC isolation modules helps prevent power-related interference. Similarly, filtering the power supply circuits with EMI filters or suppression reactors can mitigate distortion caused by thyristors, frequency converters, and other high-current devices.
Choosing the right isolation amplifier depends on the application. For slow signals like temperature or pressure, low-bandwidth models like the ISOEMU(A)-POM series are suitable. For high-speed signals, such as motor speed or PWM control, high-bandwidth options like the ISOEMU(A)-POH series are preferred. Most general-purpose systems use standard frequency response models like ISOEMA-PO or ISOEMU-PO. In cases of strong magnetic interference, opto-isolated amplifiers like ISOU(A)-POM are recommended.
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Tags: Analog Isolation Transmitter and Drive Technology
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