Correct use of pesticides seven attention
2025-09-14 04:18:23
To ensure effective pest management, it's essential to start with a clear understanding of the base knowledge. This includes knowing the physical and chemical properties of the pesticides you use, as well as the specific targets and precautions for each. Every pesticide has unique characteristics, suitable conditions, and application areas. Similarly, each pest or disease has its own life cycle and vulnerable stages—these are the optimal times for treatment. By identifying these weak points, you can plan your interventions more effectively and act with confidence.
Next, it’s important to apply the right medication. There are various types of pesticides available, such as fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators. When purchasing, always choose the most suitable one for the problem at hand. Unfortunately, many farmers tend to follow trends and buy what others are using, without considering whether it's actually appropriate for their crops. Just like people need the right medicine for their illness, plants require the correct treatment for their specific issues. Using an insecticide to treat a fungal infection, for example, is not only ineffective but can also cause unnecessary harm.
Timing is another critical factor in pest control. Many farmers complain about poor results from pesticides, but often the issue lies in when they apply them. Each pest has a key period during which it's most vulnerable. Missing this window can lead to poor outcomes. For instance, the best time to control wheat powdery mildew is before the disease spreads, ideally when the infected leaf rate exceeds 15%. Similarly, for cotton bollworms, the egg-hatching stage and early larval stage are the most effective times for intervention. It’s also recommended to spray during cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or late afternoon, avoiding midday heat. High temperatures can reduce pesticide effectiveness and increase the risk of toxicity.
Using the right amount of pesticide is equally important. Some believe that more is better, but overuse can lead to waste, phytotoxicity, and even poisoning. For example, applying too much dichlorvos on cotton aphids may damage the leaves or even kill the plant. Herbicides, in particular, require precise dilution. A small mistake in concentration can result in crop loss. Therefore, it's crucial to adjust the dosage based on the crop's condition and the severity of the infestation. When crops are healthy and pests are severe, a slightly higher dose may be needed. However, for young seedlings or light infestations, a lower concentration is usually sufficient.
Choosing the right method of application is also vital. Different pests and diseases require different approaches, such as seed dressing, baiting, dusting, or spraying. For seed-borne diseases, seed dressing with products like pentachloronitrobenzene is commonly used. For underground pests, baiting is often the best choice. No matter the method, it should be applied evenly and carefully to ensure maximum effectiveness.
Another key practice is alternating or mixing pesticides. Prolonged use of a single type can lead to resistance, making it less effective over time. For example, long-term use of pyrethroid insecticides against cotton bollworms can result in resistant populations. To prevent this, it’s advisable to rotate or combine different pesticides based on their mode of action. This helps delay the development of resistance and maintains the effectiveness of your treatments.
Finally, protecting natural enemies is an essential part of integrated pest management. Many pests have natural predators, such as the seven-spotted ladybug, which helps control aphid populations. If the ratio of ladybugs to aphids is favorable (e.g., 1:150), no chemical intervention may be necessary. When using pesticides, prefer selective ones that target specific pests while minimizing harm to beneficial insects. This supports biological control, reduces costs, enhances safety, and improves the quality of agricultural produce.
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Zanhuang County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province
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