Research progress on preparation of dissolving pulp for bio-based materials from straw in process engineering

Dissolving pulp is a high-purity cellulose material used as a raw material for producing cellulose derivatives, such as viscose rayon, acetate fibers, cellophane, and carboxymethyl cellulose. While wood and cotton linters are traditionally the main sources for industrial production, crop straw has emerged as a promising alternative due to its abundant availability and low cost. Its chemical composition and structural characteristics closely resemble those of wood, making it a viable option for dissolving pulp production. However, despite its potential, crop straw has not been widely utilized in the industry for this purpose. To address this challenge, a research team led by Professor Chen Hongzhang from the Engineering Research Institute conducted groundbreaking work under several national projects, including the 973 Plan (No.2011CB707401), the 863 Plan (No. SS2012AA022502), and the National Key Science and Technology Support Project (No. 2011BAD22B02). The team introduced an innovative approach that combined steam explosion technology with mechanical combing, enabling the efficient separation of long and short fibers from straw. This method significantly increased the proportion of long fibers containing cellulose to 85%, comparable to that of coniferous wood. Additionally, they developed a dry mechanical combing device, providing a solid foundation for large-scale production. Through further cold alkali extraction and xylanase treatment, the researchers achieved a high α-cellulose content of 97.1% and a viscosity of 23.96 mPa·s, exceeding the quality of domestic wood-based dissolving pulp. The resulting product met or exceeded national standards for both low-viscosity and high-viscosity dissolving pulp. Meanwhile, the separated short fibers were found to be highly digestible, offering a cost-effective way to build a sugar platform. This breakthrough in steam explosion-coupled mechanical combing technology overcame key limitations in using crop straw as an industrial raw material, opening up new possibilities for the integrated utilization of agricultural residues. The findings were published in the international journal *Bioresource Technology* (Bioresource Technology, 139 (2013): 59–65).

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