The most practical excavator repair and maintenance technical methods
2020-01-02 15:09:51
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The most practical excavator repair and maintenance technical methods Time: 2015-02-09 Source: http://
"This part is broken, what should I do?" As an excavator, everyone should have the necessary skills - the basic maintenance and maintenance of the excavator. For your own love machine, it is not only a tool for you to make money. Your partner. In the course of daily construction, it will inevitably cause damage to the machine. Of course, these injuries are a process that accumulates over time. The small movement of a certain operation will cause slight damage to the car. Over time, it will cause wear and tear on the parts and reduce the life of the machine. Therefore, the operator should choose the correct construction operation and necessary maintenance skills.
The purpose of regular maintenance on the excavator is to reduce machine failures, extend machine life, reduce machine downtime, increase work efficiency, and reduce operating costs. By managing fuel, lubricants, water and air, you can reduce your failure by 70%. In fact, about 70% of the failures are caused by poor management.
1. Fuel management
Different grades of diesel oil should be selected according to different ambient temperatures; diesel oil should not be mixed with impurities, lime soil and water, otherwise the fuel pump will wear out prematurely; the high content of paraffin and sulfur in inferior fuel will cause damage to the engine; daily operation After the fuel tank is filled with fuel, prevent water droplets from forming on the inner wall of the fuel tank; open the drain valve at the bottom of the fuel tank before the daily operation; release the air in the road after the engine fuel is exhausted or the filter element is replaced. Minimum ambient temperature 0°C -10°C -20°C -30°C Diesel grade 0# -10# -20# -35# .
2. Management of other oils
Other oils include engine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, etc.; different grades and different grades of oil cannot be mixed; different types of excavator oils have different chemical or physical additives added during the production process; Clean with oil to prevent impurities (water, dust, particles, etc.) from entering; select the oil label according to the ambient temperature and use. For high ambient temperature, oil with high viscosity should be used. For low ambient temperature, oil with low viscosity should be used. The viscosity of gear oil is relatively large to adapt to large transmission load. The viscosity of hydraulic oil is relatively small to reduce liquid flow. resistance.
3, grease management
Lubricating oil (butter) reduces wear on moving surfaces and prevents noise. When storing and storing grease, do not mix dust, sand, water and other impurities. It is recommended to use lithium-based grease G2-L1, which has good anti-wear performance and is suitable for heavy-duty conditions. When filling, try to squeeze all the old oil. Remove and wipe clean to prevent sand from sticking.
4, filter maintenance
The filter element acts as a filter to filter impurities in the oil path or gas path, preventing it from invading the inside of the system and causing malfunctions; various filter elements should be replaced regularly according to the requirements of the Operation and Maintenance Manual; when replacing the filter element, it should be checked whether metal is attached to the old one. On the filter element, if metal particles are found, timely diagnosis and improvement measures are taken; use a pure filter element that meets the machine specifications. The filter capacity of the counterfeit filter element is poor, and the surface of the filter layer and the material quality are not in accordance with the requirements, which will seriously affect the normal use of the machine.
5, regular maintenance of the content
1 After the new machine is working 250H, the fuel filter and the additional fuel filter should be replaced; check the clearance of the engine valve.
2 routine maintenance; check, clean or replace the air filter; clean the inside of the cooling system; check and tighten the track plate bolts; check and adjust the track tension; check the intake heater; replace the teeth; adjust the bucket clearance; Window cleaning liquid level; check and adjust air conditioning; clean the floor of the cab; replace the breaker filter (optional). When cleaning the inside of the cooling system, after the engine is fully cooled, slowly loosen the water inlet cover to release the internal pressure of the water tank before releasing the water; do not perform cleaning when the engine is working, the high-speed rotating fan may cause danger; when cleaning or replacing the cooling When parking, park the machine on a level surface.
3 Check the project before starting the engine. Check the liquid level of the coolant (add water); check the engine oil level, add oil; check the fuel level (fueling); check the hydraulic oil level (plus hydraulic oil); check the air filter is blocked; check the wire; Check that the horn is normal; check the lubrication of the bucket; check the water and sediment in the water separator.
4 per 100 maintenance items. Boom cylinder cylinder pin; boom pin; boom cylinder rod end; arm cylinder head pin; boom, stick connecting pin; arm cylinder rod end; bucket cylinder head pin ; half rod connecting rod; bucket, bucket cylinder rod end; bucket cylinder head pin; arm linkage pin; check the oil level in the swing mechanism box (add oil); from the fuel tank Drain water and sediment.
5 per 250H maintenance items. Check the oil level in the final gearbox (plus gear oil); check the battery electrolyte; replace the oil in the engine oil sump, replace the engine filter; lubricate the slewing ring (2 places); check the tension of the fan belt and check The tension of the air conditioning compressor belt is adjusted.
6 maintenance items every 500h. At the same time, every 100 and 250H maintenance items; replace the fuel filter; check the height of the rotary pinion grease (plus grease); check and clean the radiator heat sink, oil cooler heat sink and cold suspect heat sink; replace the hydraulic oil Filter element; replace the oil in the final gearbox (only for the first time at 500h, once 1000h later); clean the air filter inside and outside the air conditioner system; replace the hydraulic oil vent filter.
7 maintenance items per 1000h. At the same time, every 100, 250 and 500h maintenance items; replace the oil in the swing mechanism box; check the oil level of the damper housing (return oil); check all the fasteners of the turbocharger; check the turbocharger rotor Clearance; check and replace the tension of the generator belt; replace the anti-corrosion filter; replace the oil in the final transmission.
8 maintenance items every 2000h. First complete maintenance items for every 100, 250, 500 and 1000h; clean the hydraulic tank filter; clean and check the turbocharger; check the generator, start the motor; check the engine valve clearance (and adjust); check the shock absorber.
Maintenance of 94000h or more. Increase the inspection of the pump every 4000h; increase the item of hydraulic oil replacement every 5000h.
10 long-term storage. When the machine is stored for a long time, in order to prevent the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder from rusting, the working device should be placed on the ground; the whole machine should be washed and dried and stored in a dry indoor environment; if it is limited in conditions, it should be stored outdoors. The machine is parked on a well-drained concrete floor; fill the fuel tank before storage, lubricate all parts, replace hydraulic oil and oil, apply a thin layer of butter to the exposed metal surface of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and remove the negative terminal of the battery, or Remove the battery separately and store it; add an appropriate proportion of antifreeze to the cooling water according to the minimum ambient temperature; start the engine once a month and operate the machine to lubricate the moving parts while charging the battery; turn on the air conditioning and cooling operation for 5-10min.
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