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How did you understand the bearings?

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Bearing Introduction China is one of the first countries in the world to create rolling bearings; in Chinese ancient books; the layout of axle bearings has long been recorded. From archaeological artifacts and materials, China's oldest bearing with modern rolling bearing layout prototype; In the 221-207 BC (Qin Dynasty), Xuejiaya Village, Yongji County, Shanxi Province. After the founding of New China, especially since the 1970s, under the strong promotion of reform and opening up, the bearing industry has entered a new cluster. The high-quality rapid development period was at the end of the seventeenth century; British C. Vallo paints the ball bearings; it is installed on the mail truck and the British P. Worth obtained the patent for ball bearings. H at the end of the eighteenth century. R. Hertz announces a paper on the touch stress of ball bearings. On the basis of Hertz's results; Germany's R. Strebeck, A of Sweden. Pamgren and others conducted a number of experiments; made a dedication to the theory of depicting rolling bearings and the calculation of fatigue life. Subsequently; Russian N. P. Petrov uses Newton's viscosity law to account for bearing conflicts. Renault made a mathematical analysis of Thor's discovery; derived the Reynolds equation; from then on, laid the foundation of the fluid dynamics smoothing theory. In the 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China; China's bearing industry has achieved remarkable results.
The effect of the bearing effect should be support; that is, the literal explanation is used to support the axle; but this is only one of its effects; the essence of support is to be able to bear the radial load. It can also be understood that it is used to fix the shaft. It is the fixed shaft that can only complete the transformation; the manipulation of its axial and radial movement. The result of the motor without the bearing is that the foundation can not work. Because the shaft can move in any direction; Theoretically speaking, the effect of the transmission cannot be completed; not only that; the bearing also affects the transmission; in order to reduce this effect, it is necessary to achieve outstanding smoothness on the bearings of the high-speed shaft; some bearings themselves have been smooth; And most of the bearings need to have smooth oil; when working at high speed; because conflict does not only add energy; more terrible is that it is very simple to damage the bearing. The statement that turning the conflict into a rollover conflict is one-sided; Kind of thing called a sliding bearing.
There are many varieties of bearing classification bearings.
First, according to the size of the rolling bearing scale is divided into:
(1) Miniature bearings----bearings with a nominal outer diameter scale of 26 mm or less;
(2) Small bearings----bearings with a nominal outer diameter scale of 28-55mm;
(3) Small and medium-sized bearings----bearings with a nominal outer diameter scale of 60-115mm;
(4) Medium and large-sized bearings----bearings with a nominal outer diameter scale of 120-190mm (5) Large bearings----bearings with a nominal outer diameter scale of 200-430mm;
(6) Extra large bearing----the nominal outer diameter scale is 440-2000mm bearing.
(7) Heavy-duty bearings----bearings with a nominal outer diameter scale of 2000mm or more.
Second, according to the direction of the load it can accept can be divided into: 1 radial bearing; also known as radial bearing; accept radial load. 2 thrust bearing; also known as thrust bearing; accept axial load. 3 radial thrust Bearings; also known as radial thrust bearings; together with radial load and axial load. According to the conflicting nature of bearing operations can be divided into sliding conflict bearings (referred to as sliding bearings) and rolling conflict bearings (referred to as rolling bearings) two major categories .
Angular touch bearing: the nominal touch angle of the ball and the ferrule is greater than 0°; and the tumbling bearing less than 90° can accept radial load and axial load together. It can work at higher speed. The touch angle is larger; the axial direction The higher the load capacity, the high precision and high speed bearings generally take a 15 degree touch angle. Under the axial force effect; the touch angle will increase. The single row angular touch ball bearing can only accept the axial load in one direction; Time; will result in additional axial force. And can only constrain the axial displacement of the shaft or casing in one direction. If paired double unit; make the outer ring of a pair of bearings opposite; that is, the wide end faces the wide end; the narrow end faces Narrow end face. This prevents additional axial forces from being induced; and the shaft or casing can be constrained to axial play size in both directions.
Spherical bearings: Centripetal rolling bearings with outer spherical surface and wide inner ring with locking parts. For the first time, the outer casing is used.
Linear motion bearings: Rolling bearings with relatively linear motion in the rolling direction of the two raceways.
Ball bearing: Rolling body is the ball rolling bearing.
Deep groove ball bearings: Each ferrule has a radial ball bearing with a groove-shaped raceway with a cross-section of approximately one-third of the circumference of the ball. It is suitable for fine appearance, low noise motors, automobiles, motorcycles and general machinery. It is the most widely used type of bearing in the machinery industry. It has a simple layout; it is easy to use. It is mainly used to accept radial load and can also accept a certain axial load; when the radial clearance of the bearing is increased; The function of the angular touch ball bearing; can accept a large axial load. This type of bearing conflict coefficient. 俑撸 俑撸 俑撸 胄 胄 胄 胄 浠嘌 浠嘌 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实 坚实High-speed operation and easy installation. Single row deep groove ball bearings are also sealed; they can be smoothed and without protection. Single row with ball gap and double row ball bearings; suitable for heavy duty conditions.
Thrust ball bearing: the rolling body is the ball thrust rolling bearing.
Roller bearing: Roller is a roller bearing.
Cylindrical roller bearing: The rolling element is a radial roller bearing of a cylindrical roller, which is a separate bearing; the device and the disassembly are very convenient. Cylindrical roller bearings are divided into single row, double row and four columns.
Cylindrical roller bearings can be divided into single-row, double-row and multi-row cylindrical roller bearings. Among them, there are more single-row cylindrical roller bearings with cages. In addition, there are Cylindrical roller bearings of other layouts, such as single or double row full complement rollers.
Single row cylindrical roller bearings are classified into N type, NU type, NJ type, NF type and NUP type according to the different ferrule ribs. The cylindrical roller bearing can receive a large radial load; according to the layout of the ferrule rib It also accepts a certain one-way or two-way axial load.
NN type and NNU double row cylindrical roller bearings are compact in layout; strong in rigidity; large in carrying capacity; deformed after being loaded.
FC, FCD, FCDP four-row cylindrical roller bearings can accept large radial loads; they are mostly used in heavy machinery such as rolling mills.
Cylindrical roller bearings are mainly used in motors, machine tools, petroleum, rolling mill loading and unloading machinery and various industrial machinery.
Tapered roller bearing: the rolling body is a radial roller bearing of tapered roller.
Needle roller bearing: the rolling body is the radial roller bearing of the needle roller.
Spherical roller bearing: a self-aligning radial rolling bearing with a convex or concave roller. A bearing with a convex spherical roller; a spherical race with a concave roller; a spherical surface with a concave roller; Shaped raceway.
Thrust roller bearing: the rolling body is a roller thrust bearing.
Thrust cylindrical roller bearing: the rolling body is a thrust roller bearing of cylindrical roller.
Thrust tapered roller bearing: the rolling body is a thrust roller bearing of tapered roller.
Thrust needle roller bearing: Roller is a thrust roller bearing for needle roller.
Thrust spherical roller bearings: self-aligning thrust rolling bearings with a rolling or convex roller. The raceway of a bearing race with a convex spherical roller is spherical; the raceway of a bearing collar with a concave spherical roller For the spherical shape.
Bearing with a seat: a combination of a radial bearing and a seat; a support plate with a mounting screw on the outer surface parallel to the bearing axis.
Spherical plain bearings: Sliding touch surface is spherical; firstly suitable for spherical sliding bearings with swaying motion, skewing motion and rotary motion.
Combined bearing: a set of bearing rolling bearing combined with the above two or more bearing layout methods, such as needle roller and thrust cylindrical roller combined bearing, needle roller and thrust ball combined bearing, needle roller and angular touch ball combined bearing Wait.
Other bearings: Rolling bearings of other layouts than the above.
Sliding bearing: Sliding bearing does not have inner and outer rings and no rolling body; it is generally made of wear-resistant material. It is often used for low speed; heavy load and filling with smooth oil and protection of difficult mechanical transformation parts.
Rolling mill bearings: Rolling mill bearings are generally only used to accept radial loads; compared with deep groove ball bearings of the same scale; have a large radial load; limit speed is close to deep groove ball bearings; but the shaft p cooperates with such bearings The machining requirements of the housing hole are high; the inner ring axis and the outer ring axis are very skewed by .2°-4°); the two axes are skewed as the overrun limit; the roller and ferrule raceways are about to deteriorate; Bearing load capacity; the life expectancy of the down bearing. Therefore, such bearings are required to be in the main components of the axial load effect; as long as the other types of bearings are used to accept the axial load;
Generally speaking, the bearings are mostly ball and roller bearings. The rolling bearing is a kind of fine mechanical component that changes the sliding conflict between the working shaft and the shaft seat into a rollover conflict; then reduces the collision loss. Generally consists of outer ring; inner ring; roll body and cage. Rolling bearing is easy to use and protect; work is reliable; start function is good; load can be higher at medium speed. Compared with sliding bearing; radial dimension of roll bearing is larger ; vibration reduction can be poor; low-speed life is low; movement is larger.
The radial bearing in the rolling bearing (primarily receiving the radial force) is generally composed of the inner ring, the outer ring, the rolling body and the roll cage 4. The inner ring is tightly sleeved on the journal and rotates together with the shaft; In the bearing housing hole, the outer circumference of the inner ring and the inner circumference of the outer ring are formed with raceways. When the inner and outer rings are relatively changed; the rolling body is rolled on the raceway of the inner and outer rings; they are separated by the cage; .
The thrust bearing is divided into two tight rings and a live ring. The tight ring and the bushing are tight; the ring is supported on the bearing seat. The ring and the rolling body are generally made of rolled bearing steel with high strength and good wear resistance; the hardness of the outer surface after quenching Should reach HRC60 ~ 65. The cage is made of soft steel stamping; it can also be made of copper alloy cloth bakelite or plastic.

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